THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING AND QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG OLDER ADULTS IN MAKASSAR: TOWARD AN AGE-FRIENDLY CITY

Irma Nur Afiah; Fatmah Afrianty Gobel; A. Dwi Wahyuni P.; Fahrul Hidayat Bannya; Ibrahim Hasanuddin; Iwan Anzari Rusli

Irma Nur Afiah Department of Industrial Engineering, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Indonesia
Fatmah Afrianty Gobel Department of Public Health, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Indonesia
A. Dwi Wahyuni P. Universitas Muslim Indonesia
Fahrul Hidayat Bannya Department of Industrial Engineering, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Indonesia
Ibrahim Hasanuddin Department of Industrial Engineering, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Indonesia
Iwan Anzari Rusli Department of Industrial Engineering, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Indonesia

Keywords: activities of daily living, well -being, older adults, functional independence, age-friendly city

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The increasing proportion of older adults in Makassar, from 8.34% in 2010 to 9.62% in 2023, reflects a demographic shift toward an aging society. This trend raises concerns regarding the health, independence, and well-being of older adults. Activities of Daily Living (ADL), which represent the ability to perform essential self -care tasks such as eating, bathing, and dressing, are closely associated with well -being and overall life satisfaction. However, limited studies have examined this relatio nship in the context of urban older adults in Makassar. METHOD: This cross-sectional study involved 44 older adults aged 60 years and above living in several districts of Makassar. Data on ADL were collected using the Katz Index, while well- being was assessed through the WHO-5 Well-Being Index. Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression to identify relationships between ADL scores and well-being levels. RESULTS & DISCUSSION: The findings revealed a significant positive correlation between ADL and well -being (r = 0.62, p < 0.01), indicating that higher functional independence contributes to better well -being among older adults. Regression analysis showed that ADL explained 38 % of the variance in well -being. The results suggest that maintaining daily functional ability is crucial for promoting psychological and social well -being in the aging population. These findings highlight the importance of community-based programs and policy initiatives that enhance functional independence as part of age-friendly city strategies. CONCLUSION: ADL significantly influences the well -being of older adults in Makassar. Strengthening programs that support physical function, self-care skills, and social participation can improve the overall well-being of the elderly and align with Makassar’s goal of becoming an age-friendly city by 2030.